Musnad Ahmad

I heard `Umar bin al-Khattab say: Why are we running now and uncovering our shoulders (in tawaf) when Allah has caused Islam to prevail and has eliminated kufr and its people? Whatever the case, we will never give up something that we did at the time of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ).

When I came to Madinah, sickness was occurring in the city. `Abdus-Samad said: They were dying quickly. I sat with `Umar bin al-Khattab and a funeral passed by. Good things were said about (the deceased) and ‘Umar said: It is due. Then another (funeral) passed by: good things were said about (the deceased) and he said: It is due, Then another funeral passed by: bad things were said about the deceased and ‘Umar said: It is due, I said: What is due, O Ameer al Mu`mineen? He said: I say what the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Any Muslim in whose favour four people testify, Allah will admit him to Paradise.` We said: Or three? He said: “Or three.` We said: Or two? He said: “Or two.` Then we did not ask him about one.

Whilst `Umar bin al-Khattab was delivering a khutbah, a man came and sat down, `Umar said: Why are you coming late to Jumu’ah? The man said: O Ameer al-Mu`mineen, as soon as I heard the call I did wudoo`, then I came. `Umar said: Only wudoo? Didn`t you hear the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: `When one of you goes to Jumu’ah, let him do ghusl`? Abu Salamah narrated that Abu Hurairah (...) told him that whilst ‘Umar was delivering the khutbah... and he narrated a similar report.

Ask `A`ishah about that. So he asked `A`ishah and she said: Ask Ibn `Umar (...). So he asked Ibn `Umar, and he said: Abu Hafs told me that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: `Whoever wears silk in this world will have no share of it in the Hereafter.”

Learn from me three things, for I fear that the people will not come to me (before I die). As for me, I did not pass any judgement regarding kalalah and I did not appoint any successor to be in charge of the people after me, and every slave of his said: No by Allah besides Whom there is no god- if I had the entire world and all that is in it, I would give it as a ransom from the terror of what lies before me, even before knowing the outcome. As for what you say about me being in charge of the believers` affairs, by Allah I wish that I could get out of it without gaining or losing anything. As for what you said about me accompanying the Prophet (ﷺ) of Allah, that is true.

‘Umar wrote to AbuʼUbaidah bin al-Jarrah : To whom should I pay his diyah? ‘Umar wrote back telling him that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to say: “Allah and His Messenger are the mawla (guardian) of the one who has no mawla, and the maternal uncle is the heir of the one who has no heir.”

I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: `The loyalty (wala`) of a freed slave (to his former master) is passed on to the one who inherits his wealth, father or son.”

I saw `Umar go to the Black Stone and say: By Allah, I know that you are a stone and cannot cause harm or bring benefit. Were it not that I saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) kiss you, I would not have kissed you. Then he leant down and kissed it.

I came to Madinah and met Aslam, the freed slave of `Umar bin al-Khattab. I said. Tell me(a report)from `Umar. He said: I cannot, I am afraid that I will add or subtract something. If we said to ‘Umar, Tell us something from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), he would say: I am afraid that I may add or subtract a letter. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever tells a lie about me will be in Hell.`

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever says in a marketplace, There is no God but Allah alone, with no partner or associate, His is the dominion, to Him all praise is due, all goodness is in His hand, He grants life and death and He has power overall things,` Allah will record for him one thousand thousand good deeds and will erase from him one thousand thousand bad deeds, and will build a house for him in Paradise.`

On the day of Khaibar, a group of the companions of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: So and so is a martyr, So and so is a martyr, until they passed by a man and said: So and so is a martyr. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: `No, I saw him being dragged to Hell because of a cloak that he stole from the booty. Go out and call out to the people, “No one will enter Paradise except the believers.` So I went out and called out: No one will enter Paradise except the believers.

No, by my father. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Stop it! whoever swears by anything other than Allah has committed an act of shirk.`

Were it not for the fact that I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say. `We want to extend our mosque,” I would not have added anything to it.

Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, sent Muhammad (ﷺ) with the truth, and He sent down with him the Book. One of the things that were revealed to him was the verse of stoning. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) stoned after him. Then he said: We used to recite, `Do not forsake your real father (and attribute yourself to someone else), for this is an act of kufr, if you do that, or it is an act of kufr to forsake your real father (and attribute yourself to someone else).` And the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: `Do not praise me as the son of Maryam was praised; rather I am a slave, so say: His slave and His Messenger.` Perhaps Ma`mar said: `As the Christians praised the son of Maryam.”

I heard the people saying something so I decided that I should talk to you. They are saying that you are not going to appoint a successor. He lowered his head for a while, then he looked up and said: Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, will protect His religion. If I do not appoint a successor, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) did not appoint a successor either; if I do appoint a successor, Abu Bakr appointed a successor. By Allah, once he mentioned the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and Abu Bakr, I realized that he was not going to regard anyone else as equal to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and that he was not going to appoint a successor.

‘Umar sent word to me... and he mentioned the hadeeth. I said to you both]: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: `We are not to be inherited from and what we leave behind is charity.`

When Abu Bakr died, people wept for him. `Umar said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: `The deceased is tormented because of the weeping of the living.”

When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) died and some people apostatised, ‘Umar bin al-Khattab said: O Abu Bakr, how can you fight the people, when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “I have been commanded to fight the people until they say La ilaha illallah (There is no god but Allah), and whoever says La ilaha illallah, his wealth and his life are protected from me, and his reckoning will be with Allah`? Abu Bakr said: I will most certainly fight those who separate prayer and zakah, for zakah is what is due on wealth. By Allah, if they withhold from me a small she-goat that they used to give to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), I will certainly fight them for withholding it. ʻUmar said: By Allah, as soon as I saw that Allah had opened Abu Bakr`s heart to the idea of fighting I knew that he was right.

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: `We are not to be inherited from; what we leave behind is charity.`

‘Umar sent for me... and he mentioned a similar hadeeth. He said: The wealth of Banun-Nadeer was among the fai` that Allah granted to His Messenger for which the Muslims made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry (cf. al-Hashr 59:6). He allocated some of it for his family`s maintenance for one year, and what was left he spent on horses and weapons in preparation for jihad for the sake of Allah, may He be glorified and exalted.

`When night comes and day departs and the sun sets, the fasting person may break his fast.”

I wanted to ask `Umar something but I did not find a chance, so I waited for two years. Then when we were in Marraz-Zahran, he went to relieve himself, then he came after relieving himself and I poured water for him, I said: O Ameer al-Mu`mineen, who are the two women who helped one another against the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)`? He said: `A`ishah and Hafsah. ` As mentioned in the Qur`an: `If you two (wives of the Prophet (ﷺ)) turn in repentance to Allâh. (it will be better for you), your hearts are indeed so inclined to oppose what the Prophet (ﷺ) likes); but if you help one another against him (Muhammad (ﷺ)). then verily, Allâh is his Maula (Lord, or Master, or Protector), and Jibril (Gabriel). and the righteous among the believers, and furthermore, the angels are his helpers` (surah at-Tahreem 66:3)

I heard `Umar say: Do not make women`s dowries too expensive, for if it were a sign of honour in this world or a sign of piety in the Hereafter, the most likely of you to do it would have been the Prophet (ﷺ). But he did not give any of his daughters in marriage or marry any of his wives for more than twelve Ooqiyyah, Furthermore, you say during your campaigns. So and so was killed as a martyr, So and so died as a martyr, but perhaps he loaded his mount`s back with gold and silver, hoping to do trade. So do not say that; rather say as Muhammad said: “Whoever died for the sake of Allah is in Paradise.”

`I have seen a dream, in which I saw myself being pecked by a rooster twice, and I think it signals my death. The people are telling me to appoint a caliph after me. Allah will not cause His caliphate or His religion to be lost, or that with which He sent His Prophet (ﷺ). If I die, then the caliphate is to be decided by a council of these six men with whom the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was pleased when he died, then whichever of them you swear allegiance to, listen to him and obey. I know that there are some men then who will seek to undermine this matter, and I have sought them with these two hands of mine in support of Islam. It they do that, then those are the enemies of Allah, the misguided disbelievers. By Allah, I am not leaving behind anything of more concern to me than kalalah. I asked the Prophet (ﷺ) of Allah about it and he never spoke to me in such a harsh manner as he did with regard to that, to such an extent that he poked me in the chest or side with his hand or his finger and said: `O `Umar: The verse at the end of Soorah an Nisa’ that was revealed in summer is sufficient for you.” If I live, I will pass a judgement concerning it that no one who reads Qur`an or who does not read Qur`an will dispute. Then `Umar said: O Allah, bear witness concerning the governors of the regions; I sent them to teach the people their religion and the Sunnah of their Prophet (ﷺ), and to divide the sai` among them, and to judge between them on a fair basis, and whatever they found difficult they were to refer to me. Then he said: O people, you eat two plants that I think are nothing but distasteful, this garlic and onion. At the time of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), I would see that is the smell of these things was found on a man, he would be taken by the hand and led out to al-Baqee`. Whoever must eat them, let him cook them to death.ʻUmar said this in a khutbah on Friday, and was stabbed on Wednesday 26 Dhul Hijjah.

It was the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), i.e., tamattu` (in Hajj), but I am afraid that they will have intimate relations with them (their wives) beneath the Arak trees, then they will bring them for Hajj.

I saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) doing wudoo after relieving himself, and wiping over his leather slippers (khuff), then praying.

I heard ‘Iyad al-Ash`ari say: i was present at al-Yarmouk and we had five commanders over us: Abu `Ubaidah bin al-Jarrah, Yazeed bin Abi Sufyan, Ibn Hasanah, Khalid bin al-Waleed and `Iyad - and this `Iyad was not the one who narrated reports to Simak. - `Umar (رضي الله عنه) said: If fighting occurs, then your commander is Abu `Ubaidah. So we wrote to him, saying: We are facing death; and we asked him for reinforcements. He wrote to us, saying: I have received your letter asking for reinforcements and I can tell you about who has the greatest support and the most ready troops. Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, ask Him for support, for Muhammad (ﷺ) was caused to prevail on the day of Badr with fewer than your numbers. When this letter of mine reaches you, fight them without referring back to me. So we fought them, and we defeated them, pursuing and killing them for four parasangs, and we acquired wealth (booly). They discussed the issue (of booty) and ‘Iyad suggested to us that we should give ten for every head. And Abu ʼUbaidah said: Who will compete with me (in a horse race)? A young man said: I will, if you don`t get angry. Then he beat him, and I saw the two braids of Abu ‘Ubaidah flying as he raced behind him on an Arabian horse.

I came to Madinah and entered upon Salim bin ‘Abdullah, and i was wearing a silk jubbah. Salim said to me: What are you doing with this garment? I heard my father narrate from `Umar bin al-Khattab (c.) that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: `Silk is only worn by one who has no share [in the Hereafter!

A man killed his (own) son deliberately and the case was referred to `Umar bin al Khattab (رضي الله عنه), who ruled that the murderer should pay one hundred camels (as diyah): thirty three-year-old she-camels, thirty four-year-old she-camels and forty five-year-old she camels. He said: And the killer does not inherit anything. Were it not that I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say, `No father is to be killed in retaliation for his son,” I would have executed you.

`Umar (رضي الله عنه) said. Were it not that I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say, “The killer gets nothing (from the estate of the one he murdered),` I would have included you among the heirs. And he called the maternal uncle of the one who had been killed and gave the camels to him. It was narrated from Mujahid bin Jabr... and he mentioned the same Hadeeth. He said: `Umar (4) took thirty three year-old she-camels, thirty four year-old she-camels and forty she camels between the ages of five and eight years, all of which were pregnant, then he called the brother of the one who had been killed and gave them to him, not to his father. And he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: “The killer gets nothing.`

al`Abbas and `Ali came to `Umar (رضي الله عنه) with a dispute. Al-`Abbas said: Judge between me and this one, And the people said: Judge between them, judge between them. He said: I shall not judge between them; they know that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: `We are not to be inherited from; what we leave behind is charity.`

One of the last verses to be revealed was the verse on riba, and when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) died, he had not explained it. So avoid riba and any dubious matter.

Do not rush in giving fatwas, for you do not know what Ameer al-Mu`mineen has decided with regard to Haji. When he met him later on, he asked him and ‘Umar said: I know that the Prophet (ﷺ) did it and his Companions did it, but I do not like beneath the arak trees and go out to Hajj with their heads dripping(from ghusl).

`Umar bin al-Khattab (رضي الله عنه) did Haji and wanted to deliver a speech to the people. ‘Abdur-Rahman bin ‘Awf said: The uneducated people are gathered around you, so delay it until you come to Madinah. When he came to Madinah, I got close to him when he was on the minbar and I heard him saying. Some people are saying, Why should we stone after him. Were it not that people would say, You have inserted something into the Book of Allah that is not part of it, I would have inserted it as it was revealed.

I heard an-Nu`man - i.e., bin Basheer - say: `Umar (رضي الله عنه) mentioned what the people had acquired of worldly gains and said: I saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) remaining curled up all day, unable to find even the worst type of dates with which to fill his stomach.

`The deceased is tormented in his grave because of being wailed over.` Al-Hajjaj said: `...because of the wailing over him.`

I heard Rufai` Abul-`Aliyah narrate from Ibn ‘Abbas: A man told me - Shu’bah said: I think he said: one of the Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) - The most admired of therm to me is Umar bin al Khattab (رضي الله عنه): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade praying at two times: after `Asr until the sun sets and after Fajr until the sun rises.

I heard Abu `Uthman an-Nahdi say: the letter of ‘Umar came to us when we were in Adhrabeejan with `Utbah bin Farqad, or in Syria, (saying). The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade silk except so much - two fingers. Abu `Uthman said: We had no doubt that he meant silk borders. It was narrated that Qatadah said: I heard Abu `Uthman an-Nahdi say: The letter of ‘Umar came to us...

`Umar (رضي الله عنه) prayed Fajr when he was in Jam`. Abu Dawood said: We were with `Umar in Jamo, and he said: The mustrikoort used not to move on until the sun rose, and they would say: Shine, (Mount) Thabeer. The Prophet (ﷺ) of Allah differed from them and moved on before the sun rose.

I heard Ibn `Umar say: `Umar (...) asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) : If I become junub at night; what should I do? He said: `Wash your private part then do wudoo’ then go to sleep.”

I heard Abul-Hakam said: I asked Ibn ʻUmar about earthenware jars and he narrated to us from ‘Umar (رضي الله عنه) that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade (making nabeedh in) earthenware jars, gourds, and varnished jars,

I saw the bald one - meaning `Umar bin al-Khattab (رضي الله عنه)-kissing the Black Stone and saying. I know that you are only a stone, but I saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) kiss you

I did Haji and I came to Madinah the year ‘Umar was stabbed. He gave a speech and said: I dreamt that a red rooster pecked me once or twice-Shu`bah was riot certain - and what happened was that he was stabbed. The people were given permission to enter upon him. The first ones to enter upon him were the Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ), then the people of Madinah, then the people of Syria. Then permission was given to the people of Iraq, and I was among those who entered upon him. Every time people entered upon him, they praised him and wept. When we entered upon him, he had wrapped his stomach with a black turban cloth, and blood was flowing. We said: Give us some advice; and no one asked him for advice except us. Ile said: You have to adhere to the Book of Allah, for you will never go astray so long as you follow it. We said: Advise u5. He said: I urge you to be kind to the Muhajireen, for the people will increase in number and they will decrease. And I advise you to be kind to the Ansar, for they are the people of Islam with whom Islam sought refuge. And I advise you to be kind to the Bedouin, for they are your origin and your strength. And I advise you be kind to the non-Muslim people under your rule (ahludh-dhimmah), for they have a covenant with your Prophet (ﷺ) and they give you a source of income. You may leave now. And he did not say any more to us than these words. Muhammad bin Ja`far said: Shu’bah said: Then after that I asked him and he said concerning the Bedouin. I advise you to be kind to the Bedouin, for they are your brothers and the enemy of your enemy. It was narrated that Juwairiyyah bin Qudamah said: I did Haji and I came to Madinah the year ‘Umar was stabbed. He gave a speech and said: I dreamt that a red rooster pecked me once or twice - Shu`bah was not certain - and only a week later, he was stabbed. And he mentioned a similar report, except that he said: And l advise you be kind to the non-Muslim people under your rule (ahludh-dhimmah), and honour the covenant of your Prophet (ﷺ). Then I asked him after that and he said concerning the Bedouin: I advise you to be kind to the Bedouin, for they are your brothers and the enemy of your enemy,

Some men of good character, among whom was ‘Umar, who is the best of them in my view, testified in my presence that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade praying after Fajr prayer until the sun rose, and after Asr prayer until it (the sun) set.

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade wearing silk except the width of two fingers or three or four - and he gestured with his hand.

`The deceased is tormented in his grave because of the wailing over him.”

ʼUmar bin al-Khattab (رضي الله عنه) told me: Whilst we were with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) one day, a man came to us whose garment was exceedingly white and whose hair was exceedingly black, and we did not see any signs of travel on him, and none of us knew who he was. He came and sat before the Prophet (ﷺ), resting his knees against his and placing his hands on his thighs. He said: O Muhammad, tell me about Islam: what is Islam? The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: `Islam means to bear witness that there is no god except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), to establish regular prayer, to pay zakali, to fast Ramadan and to perform pilgrimage to the House (the Ka`bah), if you have the means.` He said: You have spoken the truth. He (‘Umar) said: It amazed us, how he questioned him and said that he had spoken the truth. He said: Tell me about faith (Eeman). He said: `Faith is to believe in Allah, His angels, His Books, His Messengers, the Last Day, and to believe in al-qadar (the divine will and decree), both good and bad.` He said: You have spoken the truth. He said: Tell me about ihsan: what is ilisan? - Yazeed said: - `It is to worship Allah as if you can see Him, for although you cannot see Ilim, He sees you.` He said: Tell me about the Hour. He said: “The one who is asked about it does not know more than the one who is asking.” He said: Then tell me about its signs. Ise said: `When the slave woman gives birth to her mistress, and when you see the barefoot, naked, destitute shepherds competing in the construction of lofty buildings.” He said: Then he went away. He sumar waited for a while - Yazeed said: three (days). Then he (the Prophet (ﷺ) said to me: `O`Umar, do you know who that questioner was?` I said: Allah and His Messenger know best. He said: “That was Jibreel, who came to you to teach you your religion.` Ibn ‘Umar said. `Umar (رضي الله عنه) told us: We were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and he mentioned the same hadeeth, except that he said: No signs of travel were to be seen on him. And he- said: `Umar said: 1 waited for three (days), then the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “oʻUmar...”

I said to Jabir bin ‘Abdullah: Ibn az-Zubair (رضي الله عنه) forbids tamattu` (in hajj) and Ibn `Abbas enjoins it. He said to me: I knew about this issue. We did tamattu` with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) - `Affan said: And with Abu Bakr - then when `Umar (رضي الله عنه) became Caliph, he addressed the people and said: The Qur`an is still the Qur`an and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) is the Messenger. There were two mut’ahs at the time of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ): one of them was the mut`ah of Hajj (i.e., tannaffit`) and the other was mut`ah with women.

I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) say: “If you truly put your trust in Allah, He would provide for you as He provides for the birds: they go out with empty stomachs and come back with full stomachs.`

`Umar bin al Khattab (رضي الله عنه) appointed me in charge of the zakah, and when had finished with it and handed it over to him, he ordered that I be given some remuneration. I said: I only did it for the sake of Allah and my reward is with Allah. He said: Take what is given to you. I was appointed to do some work at the time of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and he gave me some remuneration, and I said the same as you have said, but the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to me: `If you are given something without asking for it, then take it and give some in charity.”