Bulugh al-Maram

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The best of my followers are those who, having done evil, ask for forgiveness (from Allah); and when on a journey, shorten (the prayer) and break the fast." .

al-Baihaqi reported it in brief as a Mursal (missing link after the Tabi'i) from Sa'id bin al-Musaiyab.

I suffered from piles. So I asked the Prophet (ﷺ) about the prayers. He said: "Pray standing; and if you are unable, (pray) sitting; and if you are unable, (pray) lying on your side." .

The Prophet (ﷺ) visited a sick man and saw him praying on a cushion, he threw it away and said, "Pray on the ground, if you can, or else pray by gestures and make your prostration lower than your bowing." .

I saw the Prophet (ﷺ) praying while sitted in a cross-legged position. .

They heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say (while standing) upon the planks of his pulpit: "People must cease to neglect the Friday prayers, or else Allah will seal their hearts and then they will be among the unmindful." .

We used to offer the Friday prayer with Allah's Messenger (RA) and return (to our homes) while the walls had no shade for us to go under (at that time). .

"We used to offer the Friday prayers with him when the sun passed the meridian. We would then return and try to find the afternoon shadow.

We would not have a siesta (mid-day nap) nor lunch till after the Friday prayer. .

"during the life time of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ).

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was standing while delivering the Khutbah (religious talk, sermon) on Friday when a caravan from Syria arrived. The people flocked towards it till no one was left except twelve men. .

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Whoever is in time for a Rak'ah of the Friday prayer, or any other prayer, should add another (Rak'ah) to it and his prayer will then be complete." .

The Prophet (ﷺ) used to deliver the Khutbah (religious talk, sermon) while standing. He (ﷺ) would then sit down and then stand up and deliver the Khutbah in a standing posture. So, whoever informs you that he delivered the Khutbah (religious talk, sermon) while sitting has definitely told a lie. .

Whenever Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) delivered a Khutbah (religious talk), his eyes would become red, his voice rose and his anger would become intensified, as if he (ﷺ) was like one warning an army and saying, "The enemy has made a morning attack on you. The enemy has made an evening attack on you." He (ﷺ) would also say "Amma ba'du, the best of speech is embodied in the Book of Allah, and the best of guidance is the guidance of Muhammad. And the most evil of affairs are their innovations and every innovation is misguidance." .

"In the Prophet's Khutbah on Friday: He would praise Allah and extol Him. Then, following that, he would say - and he had raised his voice..."

"Whoever Allah guides, no one can lead astray; and whoever Allah leads astray, no one can guide him."

"Every misguidance is (a cause to enter) the Fire."

He heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say: "The length of a man's prayer and the shortness of his Khutbah (religious talk) are a sign of his understanding (of the religion)." .

I learnt Surat Qaf (Chapter 50) from no other source than the tongue of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) who used to recite it every Friday on the pulpit when he delivered the Khutbah (sermon) to the people." .

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Whoever speaks on Friday while the Imam is giving the Khutbah (religious talk), he is like a donkey which carries books; and he who tells him to be quiet has no Jumu'ah." .

On Friday, when the Imam is delivering the Khutbah (religious talk), if you say to your companion to keep quiet, then indeed you have committed a sin (error/something senseless).

A man entered the mosque on a Friday when the Prophet (ﷺ) was delivering the Khutbah (religious talk, sermon) and he said, "Stand and pray two Rak'at." .

The Prophet (ﷺ) used to recite in Jumu'ah prayer Surat al-Jumu'ah and al-Munafiqun. .

He used to recite in the two 'Eids and in the Friday prayer: "Sabbih isma Rabbikal-A'la (Surat 87)" and "Hal ataka hadithul-ghashiyah (Surat 88)." .

The Prophet (ﷺ) prayed the 'Eid prayer (on a Friday); and granted a permission (to be excused) from the praying of Friday prayer and said, "Whoever wants to pray it, he may pray." .

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "When anyone of you prays the Jumu'ah prayer, he should pray four (optional) Rak'at after it." .

That we should not connect a prayer to another prayer till we talk or go out (in between them)."

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Whoever takes a bath, then comes to al-Jumu'ah prayer, then prays what was fixed for him, then keeps silent till the Imam finishes the Khutbah (religious talk - sermon), and then prays along with him - his sins (committed) between that time and the next Friday will be forgiven, with an addition of three days more." .

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) mentioned the day of al-Jumu'ah and then said, "There is a time in it (Friday) at which no Muslim would stand up while praying and beg Allah, Who is Great and Glorious, for something except that He would give it to him. He (ﷺ) indicated with his hand that it (this time) is short." .

"This time is brief."

I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say, "That time is between the time when the Imam sits down and the end of the prayer." .

Ibn Majah reported from 'Abdullah bin Salam

"It is between the 'Asr prayer and sunset."

More than forty different sayings were narrated about this (special fortune time on Friday), and I have detailed them in (my book) 'Sharh al-Bukhari'.

It is decided in the Sunnah that the Friday prayer (established/recognized) when forty praying persons or more attend it. .

The Prophet (ﷺ) used to ask for (Allah's) forgiveness for the believing men and believing women, every al-Jumu'ah (Friday prayer). .

The Prophet (ﷺ) used to recite some verses from the Qur'an in the Friday Khutbah (religious talk - sermon), reminding the people. .

And its basic meaning is in Muslim.

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "The Friday prayer in congregation is an obligatory duty upon every Muslim, with the exception of four: a slave, a woman, a child and a sick person." .

al-Hakim also reported it from the narration of the aforementioned Tariq, who narrated from Abu Musa.

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Jumu'ah prayer is not obligatory on a traveller." .

Whenever Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ascended the Minbar (to give the Friday Khutbah), we used to face him. .

It has a Shahid (supporting narration) in the Hadith of al-Bara', reported by Ibn Khuzaimah.

We attended the Friday prayer with the Prophet (ﷺ) and he (ﷺ) stood leaning on a staff or a bow. .

Narrated Salih bin Khawwat on the authority of one who offered the Fear prayer with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) at the battle of Dhatur-Riqa' that a group (of the army) formed a line along with him and a group faced the enemy. He (ﷺ) led the group which was with him in a Rak'ah, and then remained standing while they finished their prayer by themselves. They then departed and lined up facing the enemy, and the other party came. He led them in the remaining Rak'a (of his prayer), after which he remained sitting while they finished their prayer by themselves. He then led them in uttering the Taslim (salutation). .

from Salih ibn Khawwat, from his father.

I went on an expedition with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) to Najd, and when we came in front of the enemy we lined up in ranks facing them. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) then stood up and led us in prayer. One group stood up with him while the other faced the enemy. He prayed a Rak'ah with those who were with him and made two prostrations. Then, they changed places with those who had not prayed. When they came Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) prayed a Rak'ah with them and made two prostrations. He then uttered the Taslim (salutation) and each of them got up and prayed a Rak'ah alone and made two prostrations. .

"I witnessed Salat-al-Khauf with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and we lined up in two rows behind him with the enemy between us and the Qiblah. The Prophet (ﷺ) uttered the Takbir and we all uttered it; then he bowed and we all bowed; then he raised his head after bowing and we all raised ours; then he and the row immediately behind him went down in prostration while the rear row stood facing the enemy. Then, when Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) finished the prostration and the row immediately behind him stood up..." then he mentioned the Hadith. And in a narration "Then he prostrated and the first row prostrated with him. So when they stood, the second row prostrated then the first row went back and the second row came forward..." then he mentioned a similar to it. And at the end of it "Then the Prophet (ﷺ) uttered the Taslim (salutation) and we all did so." .

"it was in Usfan."

The Prophet (ﷺ) led a group of his Companions in two Rak'at after which he uttered the Taslim (salutation). Then he led another group in two Rak'at after which he uttered the Taslim (salutation)."