ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim

Paternal grandfather of the Prophet ﷺ. Born in Yathrib (Medina) and brought to Mecca as a child by his uncle al-Muṭṭalib after Hāshim's death. Re-dug the sacred well of Zamzam after it had been buried for centuries. Father of ten sons, including Abdullāh (the Prophet's ﷺ father), Abū Ṭālib (father of ʿAlī), al-ʿAbbās, Ḥamza, al-Zubayr, and Abū Lahab. Took custody of the orphaned Muhammad ﷺ on the death of his mother Āmina (when the Prophet was 6) and raised him until his own death two years later. The famous incident of the "vow to sacrifice his son" and the substitution of 100 camels (the origin of the diya/blood-money rate in Islam) involves him and his son Abdullāh. Witnessed the Year of the Elephant (ʿām al-fīl, 570 CE) when Abraha's Aksumite army was destroyed before reaching the Kaʿba — the same year the Prophet ﷺ was born.