Person
Mu'awiya I
معاوية بن أبي سفيان
Abu Sufyan · Caliph
597 CE – 680 CE(aged ~83) Quraysh
Mu'awiya I was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from 661 to 680. Initially an opponent of Muhammad, he later became a Muslim and rose through military and administrative ranks to govern Syria. He opposed Caliph Ali during the First Fitna and established a dynastic caliphate, setting a precedent for hereditary succession.
Sources: Wikipedia and classical Islamic biographical literature compiled by automated researchers. Every page is being continuously refined — if something looks off, please check back in a few days.