Shamail al-Muhammadiyah

“When the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) alighted for rest at night, he would recline on his right side, and when he alighted for rest shortly before the morning, he would raise his forearm and place his head on the palm of his hand.”

"Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) performed the ritual prayer until his feet became swollen, so he was asked: 'Must you burden yourself with this, when Allah has already forgiven you your former and your latter sins?' He replied: 'Shall I not be a thankful servant?'”

"Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to perform the ritual prayer until his feet had begun to swell, so he was asked: 'Must you do this, when it has come to you that Allah has already forgiven you your former and your latter sins?’ He replied: 'Shall I not be a thankful servant?'”

Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to stand performing the ritual prayer until his feet had begun to swell, so he would be asked: “O Messenger of Allah, must you do this, when Allah has already forgiven you your former and your latter sins?” He replied: “Shall I not be a thankful servant?”

“I asked 'A'sha (may Allah be well pleased with her) about the nighttime ritual prayer of Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace), so she said: ‘He used to sleep at the beginning of the night. Then he would get up, and when it was the time before daybreak, he performed a witr . Then he came to his mattress, and if he had a need, he had sexual intercourse with his wife. When he heard the call to prayer, he sprang up, and if he was in a state of major ritual impurity, he poured water over himself, and if not, he performed the minor ritual ablution and went out to the ritual prayer.”

"I reclined across the cushion and Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) reclined lengthwise, whereupon Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) slept until the middle of the night, or a little while before or after it. Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) then woke up, wiped the sleep off his face, and recited the final ten verses of the Sura of the Family of ‘Imran . Then he approached a suspended waterskin, performed the minor ritual ablution and performed it well, after which he performed the ritual prayer.” Abdullah ibn 'Abbas said: “I got up and stood by his side, whereupon Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) placed his right hand on my head, gripped my right ear and twisted it. After this he performed two cycles of ritual prayer, then two more cycles, then two more cycles, then two more cycles, then two more cycles, then two more cycles..” He (Ma'an) said: “... six times, after which he performed an odd-numbered cycle. Then he reclined until the muezzin came to him, whereupon he got up and performed two abbreviated cycles. Then he went out and performed the early-morning ritual prayer".

"The Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to perform thirteen cycles of ritual prayer during the night.”

"If the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) did not perform the ritual prayer during the night, because sleep had prevented him, or his eyes had been too weary, during the daytime, he would perform twelve cycles of ritual prayer during the daytime.”

"The Prophet said (Allah bless him and give him peace): 'If one of you gets up during the night, let him begin his ritual prayer with two abbreviated cycles.'”

“Determined to contemplate the ritual prayer of the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) intently, for I laid my head on his doorstep or his hair tent. Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) then performed two brisk cycles of ritual prayer. After this he performed two long, long, long cycles. Then he performed two cycles that were shorter than the two before them. Then he performed two cycles that were shorter than the two that were before them. Then he performed two cycles that were shorter than the two that preceded them. Then he performed two cycles that were shorter than the two that were before them. Finally he performed a single-numbered cycle, which added up to a total of thirteen cycles.”

“How was the ritual prayer of Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) during Ramadan?” so she said: “Neither in Ramadan nor in any other month would Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) add to the total of eleven cycles of ritual prayer. He would perform four — do not ask about their excellence or their length — then he would perform four — do not ask about their excellence or their length — and then he would perform three.” ‘A'isha said (may Allah the Exalted be well pleased with her): “I said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, do you sleep before you perform the odd-numbered ritual prayer ?' He said: ‘O 'A'isha, my eyes may sleep, but my heart does not sleep!’”

“Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to perform eleven cycles of ritual prayer during the night, making one of them odd-numbered , and when he had finished, he would recline on his right side.”

Two other chains have narrations similar to the previous one.

"Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to perform nine cycles of ritual prayer during the night.”

“When he entered into the ritual prayer, he said: ‘Allah is Supremely Great .” According to Abu 'Isa: “Shu'ba is the one who entertained doubts about al-Ma'ida and al- Anam."

"Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) spent one whole night reciting a verse from the Qur’an.” Commentary: The aayah is the last aayah of Surah Maa-idah:In tu-adh-dhib-hum fa-innahum 'ibaaduk. Wa in tagh-fir lahum fa-innaka antal azizul hakim.Translation: "If Thou punish them, lo! they are Thy slaves, and if Thou forgive them, (lo! the are Thy slaves).Lo! Thou, only Thou, art Mighty, the wise".Surah Maa-idah, 118.The Being that possesses great power, if He wills, He may forgive the criminal. The One that is all Wise, there is Wisdom and benefit in every act of His. The reason for Sayyidina Rasulullah Sallallahu 'Alayhi Wasallam reciting this aayah while standing and also in the ruku and sajdah, and repeating it many times, is to bring to mind the two attributes of Allah, namely the attributes of justice and forgiveness. The whole scene on the day of qiyaamah will be of these two things. It is stated that Imaam Aa'zam Abu Hanifah RA. also recited the following aayah the whole night:Wamtaazul yauma ayyuhal mujrimun.Translation: "But avaunt ye, O ye guilty, this day!" Surah Yaseen, 58.In this aayah too the scene of qiyaamah is portrayed. That today the sinners should separate and distinguish themselves. What a severe and nerve-chilling command this is. Today they are together with the pious and holy people and benefiting from the barakaat (blessings) they receive, but at this moment the sinners will be separated from them. May the Most Merciful Allah with His Grace keep those pious souls under His shadow, otherwise it is really a time for great trials.

“I performed the ritual prayer one night with Allah’s Messenger (All^ bless him and give him peace), and he remained standing until I almost did something bad.” He was asked: “What did you almost do?” He replied: “I nearly sat down and left the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) in the lurch!”

“The Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to perform the ritual prayer sitting down, so he would also recite the Qur’an while he was seated. If the amount of his recitation remaining was thirty or forty verses, he would rise and recite standing up, and then he would bow and prostrate. Then he would do likewise in the second cycle.”

“I asked 'A’isha (may Allah be well pleased with her) about the voluntary ritual prayers of Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace), and she said: ‘He used to spend a long night performing the ritual prayer while standing, and a long night while sitting, so if he recited the Qur’an while standing, he would bow and prostrate from a standing position, and if he recited while sitting, he would bow and prostrate from a sitting position.”

“Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to perform voluntary ritual prayer sitting down , and he would recite the Sura and pronounce it slowly, so that it would seem to be longer than one that was actually longer than it.”

“By the time the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) died, he was performing most of his ritual prayers from a sitting position.”

"I performed two cycles of ritual prayer with Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) before the noon prayer, and two cycles after it, and two cycles after the sunset prayer in his house, and two cycles after the evening prayer in his house.”

“Hafsa said: 'Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to perform two cycles of ritual prayer when the dawn was rising, and the caller was calling'. And Ayyub said, “I think he described the two prayer cycles as abbreviated.”

"I recall eight cycles performed by Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace): two cycles before the noon prayer and two cycles after it, two cycles after the sunset prayer, and two cycles after the evening prayer.” Ibn ‘Umar said: “Hafsa also told me about the two cycles of the early-morning prayer , but I did not see them performed by the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace).”

"I asked 'A’isha (may Allah be well pleased with her) about the ritual prayer of Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace), and she said: 'He used to perform two cycles of ritual prayer before the noon prayer and two cycles after it, two cycles after the sunset prayer, two cycles after the evening prayer, and two before the dawn prayer.’”

“We asked 'Ali (may Allah ennoble his countenance) about the ritual prayer of Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) in the daytime, and he said: ‘You would be incapable of that,’ so we said: Anyone of us who is capable of that will perform it!’ He therefore said: ‘When the sun was from over here , at the time of the afternoon prayer, he used to perform two cycles of ritual prayer, and when the sun was from over here, like its appearance from over here, at the time of the midday prayer, he would perform four. He would also perform four cycles before the midday prayer and two after it, and four before the afternoon prayer, separating each pair of cycles with the salutation of peace upon the angels drawn near, and upon the Prophets and the believers and Muslims who follow them'.”

"I asked ‘A'isha (may Allah the Exalted be well pleased with her): “Did the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) perform the mid-morning ritual prayer?” She said: “Yes, four cycles, and he used to add whatever Allah wished (Almighty and Glorious is He).”

“The Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to perform the mid-morning ritual prayer in six cycles.”

“I have never heard anyone mention seeing the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) performing the mid¬morning ritual prayer except Umm Hani (may Allah the Exalted be well pleased with her). “She related that Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) entered her house on the Day of the Conquest of Mecca, whereupon he performed the major ritual ablution and glorified Allah in eight cycles. I never saw him (Allah bless him and give him peace) perform a ritual prayer in a more abbreviated form than that, even though he completed the bowing !”

“I asked 'A'isha (may Allah the Exalted be well pleased with her): ‘Was the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to performing the mid-morning ritual prayer?’ She said: ‘No, except when he was coming back from an absence.'"

"The Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) would perform the mid-morning ritual prayer so often that we would say: “He does not omit it,” and he would omit it so often that we would say: “He does not perform it!”

“The Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to devote himself to four cycles ?’ He said: ‘Yes!’ I said: ‘Do they contain a separating salutation of peace?’ He said: ‘No!'” Another chain reports a similar narration.

“Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to perform four cycles of ritual prayer after the sun had passed its zenith before the noon prayer, and he said: 'It is a time in which the gates of heaven are opened, so I love to have a righteous deed ascend for me then!'”

"He used to perform four cycles of ritual prayer before noon", and he mentioned that Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to perform them at the time of the sun's zenith, and he used to prolong them.

"I asked Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) about performing the ritual prayer in my home, and performing it in the mosque." He said: “You may notice how near my home is to the mosque. I prefer praying at home over praying in the mosque, except in the case of a prescribed ritual prayer.”

"I asked 'A'isha (may Allah the Exalted be well pleased with her) about the fasting of Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace). She said: “He used to fast until we would say: ‘He has fasted,’ and he used to break fast until we would say: ‘He has broken fast.’” She also said: “Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) did not fast for a whole month after arriving in Medina, with the exception of Ramadan.’

"He used to fast during the month until we would assume that he did not intend to break fast during it, and he used to break fast until we would assume that he did not intend to fast during any of it. You would not wish to assume that he was performing the ritual prayer during the night, unless you saw him performing the ritual prayer, nor that he was sleeping, unless you saw him sleeping.”

"The Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to fast until we would say: “He does not intend to break fast ,” and he used to break fast until we would say: “He does not intend to fast during it.” He did not fast for a whole month after arriving in Medina, with the exception of Ramadan.”

"I did not see the Prophet fast (Allah bless him and give him peace) for two consecutive months, other than Sha'ban and Ramadan.”

"I did not see Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) fast in any month more than his fasting for Allah’s sake in Sha'ban. He used to keep fast through all but a little of Sha'ban; no indeed, he used to keep fast through all of it!”

"Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to fast three days at the beginning of every month, and he would seldom break fast on Friday, the Day of the Congregation .”

"The Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) was devoutly committed to fasting every Monday and Thursday.”

"The Prophet said (Allah bless him and give him peace): “Works are reviewed on Monday and Thursday, so I would like my work to be reviewed while I am fasting!”

'A’isha said; “The Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to fast on the Saturday of one month, and on the Sunday and the Monday, as well as on the Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday of another month.”

“Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) would not fast in any month more than he did in Sha'ban.”

"I said to 'A'sha: “Was Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to fasting three days out of every month?” She said; “Yes!” I said: “Which days did he fast?” She said: “He was not concerned about which days he fasted.”

"‘Ashura' was a day on which Quraish used to fast in the pagan era Ramadan became the obligatory religious duty, and 'Ashura' was omitted, so one is free to fast this day or not to fast it.”

“I asked 'A'isha (may Allah be well pleased with her): ‘Was Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to singling out any of the days?’ She said: ‘His work was perpetual. Who of you would be capable of doing what Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to be do?”

"Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) entered my presence, and there was a woman with me, so he said: “Who is this?” I said: “So-and-so, who does not sleep at night.” Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) then said: 'Incumbent upon you are the works of which you are capable, for, by Allah, Allah will not become weary until you become weary!” The work dearest to Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) was that in which his Companion would persevere.'"

"I asked 'A'isha and Umm Salama: “Which work was dearest to Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace)?” They said: “That which a person perseveres in, even if the amount of work done is small.”