Ḥakam

The Banu Ḥakam was a clan within the Banu Umayya, the dominant clan of the Quraysh tribe in Mecca, Hejaz. They played a significant role in early Islamic history, particularly through Marwan ibn al-Hakam, the fourth Umayyad caliph who established the Marwanid branch of the Umayyad dynasty. The clan was influential in the political and military affairs of the early Islamic state and produced notable leaders who helped consolidate Umayyad rule.