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Sahaba (Companions), Tabi'in (Successors), Hadith narrators, scholars and other historical figures from the early Islamic period and beyond.
Umayyad Caliph who ruled from 685 to 705; faced rebellion from Sa'id ibn al-As's son al-Ashdaq.
Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar was one of Almanzor's sons who governed the Caliphate after his death.
Abd al-Malik reestablished Umayyad authority after the Second Fitna, centralized administration, introduced Arabic as official language, and completed the Dome of the Rock.
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Tribal leader of Banu Hashim and grandfather of Muhammad who cared for him after he was orphaned.
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Abd al-Rahman ruled from 1822 to 1859, resisting French expansion and supporting Algerian resistance.
Abd al-Rahman I was the founder and first emir of the Emirate of Córdoba, establishing the Umayyad dynasty in al-Andalus after fleeing the Abbasid overthrow in Damascus. He successfully consolidated power in Iberia, defeating rivals and repelling Abbasid attempts to regain control. His reign laid the foundation for a flourishing Muslim state in Spain that lasted for centuries.
Abd al-Rahman III was the Umayyad Emir and later Caliph of Córdoba who reigned from 912 to 961. He consolidated power in al-Andalus, defeated internal rebellions, and declared himself Caliph in 929, establishing a powerful and culturally rich state. His reign was marked by religious tolerance, military campaigns against Christian kingdoms, and significant architectural and intellectual achievements.
Abd al-Rahman Sanchuelo was another son of Almanzor who held power in the Caliphate following his father's death.
Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd Allah ibn Dinar was a respected tabi'i narrator known for his precise and trustworthy transmission of hadiths.
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Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf was a companion of Muhammad who played a key role in converting parts of the Banu Kalb to Islam through alliance and marriage.
Son of Khalid ibn al-Walid, governor of Homs and Jazira, fought against Byzantines.
Kharijite who assassinated Ali in 661 CE during prayer in Kufa.
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Abd al-‘Aziz ibn Abi Salama was a notable Tabi‘i from Madinah, recognised for his trustworthy hadith transmission and devout character.
Abd-Shams was the father of Umayya ibn Abd-Shams and part of the Quraysh tribe.
Abdallah II ruled briefly from 902 to 903 before being assassinated amidst internal troubles and Fatimid advances.
Abdelaziz ruled from 1894 to 1908, faced growing European intervention and internal opposition.
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Abdul Muttalib was the cousin of Umayya ibn Abd-Shams and involved in a rivalry leading to Umayya's banishment.
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Abdullah ibn Abbas was a cousin of the Prophet Muhammad and a foremost early Islamic scholar renowned for his Qur'anic exegesis and hadith narration.
Father of Muhammad who died before Muhammad's birth.
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Abdullah ibn Idris al-Hamdani was a trustworthy hadith narrator known for his reliability and precision in transmission.