ʿAbdullah ibn Mas'ud

ʿAbdullah ibn Mas'ud was born around 594 CE in Mecca to the Hudhayl tribe. He was among the earliest converts to Islam before 616 CE and closely associated with the Prophet Muhammad, serving as a personal attendant and one of the foremost experts on the Quran. He participated in key battles such as Badr, Uhud, and the Trench, and was known for his courage and knowledge. After the Prophet's death, he became a prominent transmitter of hadith and served as a preacher, treasurer, and magistrate in Kufa under Caliph Umar. He had notable conflicts with governors during the caliphate of Uthman but remained influential until his death around 653 CE. He was described as thin, short, with dark skin and smooth shoulder-length hair, and was highly respected for his piety and scholarship.